Selectivity of essential oils to the egg parasitoid Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

The diversity of arthropod pests has required the combined use various control methods. application essential oilsshowing insecticidal, repellent or phage-inhibiting activity, together with release natural enemies, can improve integrated pest managementprovided oils display selectivity. aim this study was to evaluate selectivity rosemary pepper [Lippia origanoidesKunth (Verbenaceae)], citronella [Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt. (Poaceae)] and lemongrass [C. citratus (DC) Stapf.] for Trichogrammapretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), comparing fi ve concentrations (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 1.0%), a (neutraldetergent at 1.0%). Residual toxicity evaluated using adult mortality, calculating lethal (LC50) in addition reductionsin parasitism eggs Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) par asitoids. three showedselectivity parasitoid T. pretiosum, resulting mortality rate between 17.2% (rosemary pepper) 32.2% (lemongrass) thelowest concentration. oil stood out an LC50 0.43%, reduction only 22% parasitism(Class 1 - Innocuous) 88.0% emergence, dose 0.01%. 0.15%, 34.0% reductionin (Class 2 Slightly harmful) 74.0% emerged adults. For oil, 0.12%, reductionof 46.0% emergence 62.0%. makes possible T.pretiosum, integrating biological botanical insecticides, as long non-sprayed are parasitised by pretiosum.